James Baldwin

Language is a very controversial topic. The way many people hear language and judge others based upon it differs from place to place. Personally, I completely agree with James Baldwin. In his defense, language is what the general population uses to stereotype, it leaves us identifying each another, and language also can cause social exclusion. First off, language is widely used to stereotype others. One can judge others based on their accent, choice of words, or grammar. For instance, during James Baldwin’s time a Man with a sophisticated British accent was seen as an educated man with a decent income. Language also allows people to stereotype people based on where they come from. For example, people with bad grammar and used words such as â€Å"ain’t† or â€Å"y’all† typically are from the southern area of the United States. Next, people identify others personality based on word choice and grammar. George Bush, one of our very own U. S. residents, had a southern accent, and had he not been president, people would have most likely negatively identified him. They would assume he is a dumb, ignorant southerner because of his views. However, sharing his views as the president allowed him to be respected with the views either way, while some people disagreed with him, many saw him as a leader which would be very different had he been your average joe. Last but not least, language can lead to social exclusion. Because of poor language on someone’s part, others can exclude them. People can be excluded because of bad language that makes them sound dumb, or even language that makes them sound too smart like a know-it-all. Similarities in language create cliques among people and it is very easy to be shunned out of these cliques if one is noticeably different. To recapitulate, language is the cause of many stereotypes and differences in society. Language can be used to stereotype, or it can be used to identify others. Also, it can lead to social exclusion because of differences in language. All in all, language is a huge contributing factor to society

The Great Controversy of Newton and Leibniz

The great controversy as to who discovered the Calculus first, either Isaac Newton or Gottfried Leibniz, is indeed a sordid affair, which has sullied the arena of science. Boyer speaks the truth when he says that no invention in science or mathematics can be said to be the accomplishment of one or two persons (1959, p. 187). Newton himself admitted â€Å"If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants† (qtd. in Rees 2006, p. 340). Such self-effacement is part of the magnanimity that we expect from a true genius. But did Leibniz conduct himself similarly? This, I believe, is the crux of the debate. Scientists not only stand on the shoulders of the giants of the past, but they also collaborate with each other. The very greatness of science stems from the fact that it is practiced in broad daylight. There should be no place for pride and vanity here. And yet the great controversy involves nothing but vanity. In the first instant it involved the vanities of two personalities, and then embroiled the vanities of two nations. If the accolade of the â€Å"inventor of the Calculus† must go to one among the two, I believe it must go to him who has conducted himself with most honor. And in this duel Newton emerges the winner. I first catalogue all that can be said in favor of Leibniz. He was truly a philosopher, in contrast to the scientific genius that Newton was. If we examine his philosophy we will find that it is in complete harmony with what the science of the calculus describes. He postulated a theory of â€Å"monads†, which are infinitesimal units of reality in which the microcosm contains the macrocosm. Calculus is the analysis of infinitesimals, and we are able to see in it a reflection of the Monadology. Therefore it is very likely that he came to an independent discovery. Calculus was on the verge of being discovered in any case, which the works of Huygens, Barrow and Fermat attest to. It is recorded that Leibniz began work on the Calculus in 1674, independently of Newton (?), and was the first to publish in 1684 (Stillwell 2002, p. 159). His unique approach (the dy/dx notation) demonstrates clearly his originality. And because he starts from a philosophical point of view, his analysis is more intuitive and suitable to demonstration. This is why the Leibnizean notation and approach that has become the norm. But the fact remains that Newton was the first to come a thorough formulation of the Calculus. In a note to a paper written in 1666 we find him deriving a tangent to a curve using his â€Å"method of fluxions†. In this note there is as aside that reads â€Å"This is only a special case of a general method whereby I can calculate curves and determine maxima, minima, and centers of gravity† (Boyer 1959, p. 207). This clearly indicates that Newton had come to a complete formulation. But he has no regard for the vanity of publication, being the consummate scientist that he was. In the height of the controversy Newton is reported to have said, â€Å"I have never grasped at fame among foreign nations, but I am very desirous to preserve my character for honesty† (Brewster 2004, p. 72). Calculus to Newton was merely a tool that he required to come to his universal theory of gravitation and motion, and not something that should be flouted separately. He was even reluctant to publish the revolutionary Principia, and did so only after the prodding of Edmund Halley. Leibniz, on the other hand, was eager to publish and propagate his findings. While we admit to his originality to a large extent, the conduct of Leibniz is highly suspicious in the proceedings. He makes no defense of his integrity, as Newton does, but instead seem entirely intent on pushing the evidence alone, as if defending himself in a court of law, and this makes us feel that he is hiding something. Subsequent scholarship does indeed reveal that he manipulated documents before being released. He is also found to have possessed crucial papers of Newton which he fails to admit of, which C J Gerhardt unearthed in 1849, even though he did make such an admission shortly before his death (Cajori 1898, p. 240). We must judge by circumstantial evidence, because it is all that we have at this distance. When we focus on the conduct of the two disputants, Leibniz is certainly the suspect one. There is no doubt that they both collaborated with each other. But plagiarism must be construed when any one among them fails to be completely honest and forthcoming. From this point of view the accusation falls on Leibniz, who has surely acted suspiciously. Even by his own admission he was aided by Newton’s papers, yet he failed to acknowledge his debt in time. This amounts to plagiarism. And since it is Newton that he plagiarized from, it is fair to name Newton as the inventor of the Calculus. Reference List Boyer C B. (1959). The History of the Calculus and Its Conceptual Development. Chelmsford, MA: Courier Dover Publications. Brewster D. (2004). Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton Part 2. Whitefish MT: Kessinger Publishing. Cajori F. (1898). A History of Elementary Mathematics. London: Macmillan. Rees N. (2006). Brewer's Famous Quotations: 5000 Quotations and the Stories. New York: Sterling Publishing Company. Stillwell J. (2002). Mathematics and Its History. New York: Springer Publishing Company.   

Breaker Failure Detection Algorithms Research Paper

Breaker Failure Detection Algorithms - Research Paper Example The second part addresses issues worth consideration when applying Breaker Failure Protection and lastly, advances towards breaker Failure Protection. Using algorithms significantly enhance the numerical BF protection. Introduction Contingency analysis remains to be one of the great tasks that face protection engineers. The reason to this is due to the fact that a Protection Engineer has to focus on Murphy’s Law and Ohms Law concurrently. The design for PRS plays a key role in detecting any fault that happens on the power system and the possibilities of eruption of any fault in the protection system of the power system. When the protective relay system is order, the designers of the power system understand it but the condition changes when a failure is detected. Deriving solutions towards this failure is what makes a protection engineer proficient. The protection engineer can only succeed by understanding how operations of the system. The best approach that the engineer can ha ve is to have a proper understanding of each component of the system as well as their interaction and overlaps needed. The need for Breaker Failure Protection To successfully analyze this topic, the differences between fault detection devices and fault interruption devices should be understood. Any disturbances like faults are detected by protective relays. The protective relays works in either way, interfere with the fault current system or cuts off any connection to the power system. Systems that lack breaker failure detection fail to analyze detection and interruption failures. This is not the case for breaker failure detection. The redundant relay systems play the role of detecting fault in case of failure (IEEE 8). What to consider for Breaker Failure Protection Before considerations necessary for breaker failure detection, aspects of back up protection need to be focused. The aspects include speed, sensitivity and user friendliness together with maintenance required. Sensitivi ty The question considered under this aspect is on the reliability of remote relays in detecting faults in the power system. A difficulty arises when analyzing the conditions that lead to system failure. The hindering factor is the load encroachment. The radial system has limitations in the fault current and the circuit load. The source acts as a controlling factor thereby making this system simple. Complications arise for networked systems. The possibilities of the relays detecting failure past the remote bus is limited because of the in feed. To solve this issue, a remote backup through distance relays with applications in the adjacent zones seems appropriate. This leads to change in the reach setting of the in feed to long ones. Complexities arise when the zone three relays are relied on as a backup protection. When breaker failure protection and a normal back up are applied, the problem is solved (Daume, Jon 20). Speed Speed of the system in clearing faults that arise due to fai lure of the primary protection is vital. Over tripping of the system is prevented by the time taken by the relays in overlapping zones. The outcome to this process is for a remote back up to be set up after a reasonable delay. When breaker failure protection is used, tripping of back up circuit breakers is quickened. The set up speed of the system is guided by damage that is likely to be incurred on equipment, quality of power and its impact on its environs and stability. Incase

Signal Role in Mission Command Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Signal Role in Mission Command - Research Paper Example Troops must be connected regularly to satellite-based communication. This means for effective command and control, force deployment can only take place in the face proper information communication technologies developing in the world. The main responsibility of the Signal Regiment is to ensure that the Army is successfully transformed into an information-technology period and new communication tools are being properly utilized. According to Rutt and Jette (2003), the increasing need for joint-service operations underscores the requirement for using common audio, imagery and data signals and networks for all warfighters. The objective is a flawless global system where signals can be transferred between users safely and easily in a way understandable to the user (McGrath, 2006). The main aim of communications technology tools is to guarantee the commander and personnel continuous safe communications during operation and on the front lines. To achieve this, the establishment of battle l abs for emerging combat developments has made significant leaps on this front, especially in most developed countries such as the United States. Technology is known to change faster in communications and computerization than new innovation. In light of this, emerging technologies tend to be focused more on the personnel such as swift prototyping and trials by soldiers in a practical way. Satellite-based Communication A satellite-based signal transmission system for combat trucks is currently under evaluation. Lighter, petite, mobile and more effective systems are the impression for future battleground communications. Currently the trials are ongoing on Mounted Battle Command on-the-move systems powered by satellite communications that will offer broadband signals and communications to a commander on the battlefield (Bullock, &Marshall, 2011). The technology will use lighter, undersized, and less costly tracks with technologies mounted on it to improve communications for battle comma nds on the move. Nonetheless, the development of gadgets that will practically work in adverse combat environment is still a challenge to the manufacturers. Future signal transmissions will witness the placement of small satellite receivers on military trucks, especially those that are meant for command and control operations on the battlefields (McGrath, 2006). The main aim of these operations is to connect a large number of these trucks using satellites, so that the army can operate anywhere across the world with relative ease. Currently, physical barriers are an issue on the battlegrounds, and as result commanders are forced to move closer to the frontline for effective communication (Rutt, & Jette, 2003). However, in future, commanders will have the capacity to establish several communication channels between them, and the lower-level personnel anywhere in the combat zones. Expanded communications reach Recent experiences in the war on terrorism have emphasized the need to align battlefield movements with quick and easier communication (Tyler, 2008). Future communications will therefore have further geographical reach compared to the scope of current communications. The currently limited reach of communications poses a bigger problem to command and control between forward deployed units and those that are in the rear (Bullock, &Marshall, 2011). Current technological weaknesses also impede proper communications with troops

Why can we only see one side of the moon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why can we only see one side of the moon - Essay Example Similarly, the moon’s gravitational force affects oceans causing low and high tides, while the earth, which is bigger than the moon, causes low and high gravitational pull on it. Additionally, as the moon rotates around the earth in its orbit, the earth exerts a torque on the rotating system of the moon. This causes the moon’s speed along its own axis to slow down, eventually revealing only one side of the moon as it completes its rotation (Pandian). The moon is also viewed as though facing only one side of it on earth through a concept known as libration, which occurs because of the spherical nature of the moon. Libration is the irregular motion of the moon in its orbit computed longitudinally and latitudinally from a fixed geographical location on the moon’s surface (Coffey). The earth affects the moon through its elliptical orbit, a process called longitudinal libration. This implies that when the moon is nearer the earth in its orbit, the earth’s gravitational pull is stronger. This makes the moon move faster on its axis, but since the moon’s rotational speed is constant, it causes a lag or a pull effect (Coffey). This pull effect on the moon’s surface causes the earth to view an extra portion of the moon’s surface up to 59% of it. When the moon orbit is farther away from the earth, the earth’s gravitational force on it is weak, causing it to slow down, even though its rotational speed remains the same. This makes the moon â€Å"spin† away from the earth and, as a result, it becomes only 41% visible (Miles). In addition, we view one side of the moon surface because of latitudinal libration caused because the moon’s orbit is tilted 5 degrees towards the ecliptic. Therefore, during the moon’s rotations around the earth, half of it is on the higher side while the rest of the revolution is on the lower side. This causes an extra part of the moon to be

Emigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Emigration - Essay Example In 2011 alone, the United States, which has the largest number of immigrants in the world, received 87,000 permanent residents from China (â€Å"Wary Future, Professionals Leave China†). Consequently, the increasing number of immigrants has resulted to a number of research studies to understand this phenomenon. One effective way to understand the concept of emigration in the present time is to examine its causes. People emigrate for various reasons, but the most common causes are education, employment, freedom, and war. These causes are the prime motivation for people around the world to emigrate to other countries. Education, which is a product of globalization, is one of the leading causes of emigration. Globalization has pushed immigrant children to move to the first world countries like the United States to obtain their education. People seek for a better quality of education for them to be globally competitive and hirable in their own chosen fields. Education in the form of research and development is another result of globalization. Academicians accomplish their research studies in other countries where they are able to utilize more advanced facilities and technological equipments to get better results. Scholarships also largely contribute to the number of immigrants in the academe. It enables immigrants to avail low cost and yet high quality education through scholarships. Employment is another leading reason for emigration as people in poor countries work overseas. As developed countries have good economic conditions, industries in these countries offer much higher salaries than poor countries do. In addition, the worker’s rights and benefits are top priorities for these countries as developed countries have more stable policies that protect employees’ welfare. Lastly, these countries have high employment rate that means that they offer many job opportunities. Other people emigrate to find more freedom in the things that

BUS599 - Integrative Project, Mod 3 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BUS599 - Integrative Project, Mod 3 SLP - Essay Example The X7 tablets have been designed for those consumers who are concerned about both the performance as well as the price of these tablets. The company performs a CVP analysis with the aim of making valuable decisions in order to determine its sales volume of the aforementioned products along with profit margin is an effective manner (CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, 2013) This discussion will emphasize upon the strategies that need to be formulated as well as implemented in relation to prices and research and development (R&D) for enhancing the performance of the company. Moreover, the formulation of the strategies that implemented by Clipboard on the basis of Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysis will also be discussed. Time Warp 2 and CVP Analysis In order to determine the revised strategy comprising the prices, R&D allocation and any product discontinuations for different ranges of tablets of the company, the strategy of ‘Cost-volume-profit’ (CVP) analysis can be taken into co ncern. In this similar concern, the strategy of CVP analysis is regarded as a tool that is chiefly used for planning as well as making valuable decisions. Moreover, it is considered as a powerful instrument for devising future plans as well as developing strategies for increasing the sale of the products of the company. One of the major advantages of this tool is that it will enable the company to make appropriate decisions as well as plans for developing the three products in the business market at the beginning of the initial year i.e. 2012 (The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2011). The strategy of CVP analysis has been generally used for calculating break-even point as well as determining the prices for attaining substantial profits by increasing the sale of the products (Cambridge Business Publishers, 2005). Thus, with the assistance of CVP analysis, the company is required to formulate strategies as well as plans in order to improve the profitability as well as productivity in comparis on with Joe Schmoe. The profit of Joe Schmoe has been identified to be amounted to $ 1,431,666,391 for the four years i.e. 2012 to 2016. Conversely, the main focus of Clipboard is to formulate effective strategy with the objective of obtaining profits in excess of Joe. Product X5 The tablets X5 have been in the market for five years and it is considered to be in a stage of maturity. The X5 products have been quite price sensitive that assists the company in meeting the demands of the consumers who are price conscious. In this respect, if the prices of X5 products are reduced, then the sales of these products will enhance in an effective manner. In this regard, the prices of X5 products need to be reduced in order to increase sales. Moreover, the value of price as well as R&D along with target profit are required to be taken into concern in CVP calculator with the objective of determining sales volume for accomplishing desired target profits. In this similar context, it can be affirm ed that the CVP analysis depicts that the product X5 will be offered in the market for only two years and then it will be discontinued for the reason of acquiring substantial profits. This is owing to the reason that the company may experience loss in continuing the selling X5 product in the market. The CVP analysis of the company for X5 product is performed below. Product X6 The product X6 has been in the marke

Helping the Elderly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Helping the Elderly - Essay Example Going by this theory, elders are in the stage of self actualization and in this stage, they are not attracted by desires etc. All they need is peace and they will be in a position where they know about themselves clearly. At this stage most of the needs are fulfilled. Relating the theory with the case clearly shows one of the major needs of elders - health. Most of the elders are in need of drugs and medicines to relieve them from their diseases. So medicine also becomes the basic need for elders. Most of the drug/medicine businesses are targeted at this basic need of elders. The elders are in a stage of dependency due to their physical and mental weakness. In this case, both the government and Insurance companies must come to the aid of elders as the elders depend directly on medicine for their survival. The role of Doctors, Health care Industry (Drugs), Insurance Companies and Government have a direct impact on the life of elders. These key persons must change their attitude and mindset from looking at elders as a revenue source and start helping them in their own ways. It's no secret that average costs of prescription drugs have raised dramatically in the past decade. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, average retail prices for brand name drugs in the United States more than doubled between 1990 and 2000, from $27 in 1990 to $65 in 2000. The obvious question is: Why? One of the major reasons is the advertising cost spent by health care companies. The amount of money that has been spent promoting drugs since the new FDA regulations went into effect is staggering. In 1996, the drug industry spent $791 million on mass media advertising. Four years later, that number more than tripled to $2.5 billion. ... I approached the case study considering the important people in the case. i.e. Doctors Health care Industry (Drugs) Insurance Companies Government Elders The role of Doctors, Health care Industry (Drugs), Insurance Companies and Government have a direct impact on the life of elders. These key persons must change their attitude and mindset from looking at elders as a revenue source and start helping them in their own ways. The decisions to be taken by doctors are to charge less to elders. The decisions to be taken by health care industry personnel are to provide drugs at a cheap cost to elders. The decisions to be taken by Insurance companies are to charge low premium from elders and compensate them quickly on their medical expenses. The decisions to be taken by Government are to provide tax cut and provisions on high priced medicines to elders. If possible, the Government must distribute them free of cost to elders. Why are prescription drug prices so high The drug prices are tremendously huge. It's no secret that average costs of prescription drugs have raised dramatically in the past decade. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, average retail prices for brand name drugs in the United States more than doubled between 1990 and 2000, from $27 in 1990 to $65 in 2000. The obvious question is: Why One of the major reasons is the advertising cost spent by health care companies. The amount of money that has been spent promoting drugs since the new FDA regulations went into effect is staggering. In 1996, the drug industry spent $791 million on mass media advertising. Four years later, that number more than tripled to $2.5 billion. All told, the U.S. drug industry spent $15.7 billion

Teenage pregnancy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Teenage pregnancy - Essay Example One the major problems is the guilt and embarrassment faced both by the mother and her family. In the teenage when a girl is not even independent and earning money to support herself, she’s forced to support another life which needs her constant attention and care as well. She’s forced to face the questions arised by the society and is not allowed to live or progress further without having them answered. In these situations, when things are already very much difficult for her, she’s afraid of the fact that her family might also quit her and leave her alone to face the cruel world. In a study conducted by Wilson and Huntington in 2006, the social and the guilt faced by teenagers mother mainly from United States, United Kingdom and Canada were discussed and analyzed. They came with the results that it is the guilt of getting pregnant at such a small age that usually makes them literally unstable and and unable to perform even the daily chores of life thus ruining their whole life. Secondly, psychological problems arose by teenage pregnancies have been supposed to push the teenage mother into many psychological disorders too. Starting from depresison as a result of social rejection to suicide could be caused be teenage pregnancies. Young girls getting affected by teenage pregnancies have been proposed to push theirselves into complete loneliness thus getting detached completely form the society will push a person into depression and makes her dependent on drugs. Thus social rejection, complete detachment from the environment around and complete loneliness push the mother into psychiatric problems and suicide ultimately. Lastly, the baby of a teenage mother is supposed to be affected by this morally and ethically wrong action. Mainly due to lack of experience of the teenage mother as she is not mature enough at such small age to take care of her child, the child is supposed to be affected as a result of this

Alberti's S. Andrea in Mantua compared with vignola's Ges church in Research Paper

Alberti's S. Andrea in Mantua compared with vignola's Ges church in Rome - Research Paper Example the ancient Roman architecture of using decorations and monumental pieces of work for aesthetic value while at the same time maintaining the grandeur, yet the same was not the case with Vignola (Fazio et. al., 24). Not only did Vignola suppress the transepts, he shortened the naves in a bid to clear acoustics and sightlines. This would allow for easy visibility. Additionally, during preaching, the preacher would be clearly heard. The Gesu design was forward-looking since it was not so much exaggerated as the S. Andrea’s design. This is because the axes of the building were strongly emphasized. The elements were portrayed in three dimensions, especially on the west front. The Alberti’s faà §ade seems to have been his routine. It could be traced to his earlier works such as the Maria Novella, only that he used the classical orders to replace geometry-based subdivisions (Ching et. al., 17). In the Gesu design, there are pilaster pairs that step from planes that project forward until on both sides of the entrance, engaged columns are used to support a pediment, which is triangular. The triangular pediment is fixed using a segmental pediment through support of flanking pilasters. The interior designs of both works were plain. Perhaps, this is due to the fact that then not so much decoration was accorded to the church (Fazio et. al., 76). Their designs were a crucial guide to future architects and engineers and can be seen in most churches today. The St. Andrea faà §ade was the model adopted by many Roman churches. The distinctive features associated with the Classical Roman architecture kept changing over time. The purpose and forms of the buildings changed over time. The structures of the cities also later changed. Therefore, it can be argued that the faà §ade of the designs provided a guide to later builders. Both the Gesu and S. Andrea faà §ade have a symmetrical proportionality. They have a square appearance whose proportions are according to the module. The

The Kite Runner Essay Example for Free

The Kite Runner Essay I will be doing my book review on the book called ‘kite runner’, by Khalid Hosseini. The Kite Runner tells the story of Amir, a young boy from the Wazir Akbar Khan district of Kabul, who befriends Hassan, the son of his fathers Hazara servant. The story is set against a background of upcoming events, from the fall of Afghanistans monarchy through the Soviet invasion, the large number of refugees sent to Pakistan and the United States, and the rise of the Taliban regime. I am doing my book review on the Kite Runner because I think it is a marvellous and very interesting book. The author also describes the settings very well. Khalid Hosseini was born on 4th March 1965; he is an American novelist and physician from Afghanistan and he is an ethnic Tajik. Amir, a wealthy Pashtun boy, and Hassan, a Hazara who is the son of Ali, Amirs fathers servant, spend their days in the peaceful city of Kabul, kite fighting and roaming through the streets. Amirs father, a wealthy merchant, whom Amir affectionately refers to as ‘Baba’, loves both boys, but seems critical of Amir for not being manly enough. However, he has a kinder father figure in the form of Rahim Khan, Babas friend, who understands Amir better, and supports his interest in writing. Hassan and Amir are great friends. Hassan is also a very good kite runner. Five years later, the Soviet Union invades Afghanistan. Amir and Baba escape to Peshawar, Pakistan and then to Fremont, California, where Amir and Baba, who lived in luxury in an expensive mansion in Afghanistan, settle in a run-down apartment and Baba begins work at a gas station. Amir eventually takes classes at a local community college to develop his writing skills after graduating from high school at age twenty. Every Sunday, Baba and Amir make extra money selling used goods at a flea market in San Jose. Hassan is killed but his son is in trouble, so Amir goes back to Afghanistan to save him. The genre of this novel is action and adventure. Most of the action takes place in Afghanistan. The author described the place where Amir lived; you could almost picture his house in your mind. When you chose an adventure book people expect the story to be interesting, fascinating and settings to be described very well also. The novel fits the genre because they play all around Kabul, running away from the bullies and also it is about the life of Hassan and Amir, it has the up and downs of their lives. One triumphant day, Amir wins the local tournament, and finally Babas praise. Hassan runs for the last cut kite, a great trophy, saying to Amir, For you, a thousand times over. Unfortunately, Hassan encounters Assef. Hassan refuses to give up Amirs kite. Assef decides to teach Hassan a lesson by beating him half to death and then raping him. Amir witnesses the act but convinced himself that he is too scared to intervene; though its actually the fact that he needs the kite for Babas praise and approval and he knows if he does intervene, then he wont get the kite and he returns home ashamed, guilty for not being able to help his best friend. He feels that his cowardice in Hassans rape would destroy any hopes for Babas affections, so he says nothing. Afterward, Hassan and Amir keep a distance from each other. Amir reacts indifferently because he feels ashamed, and is frustrated by Hassans saint-like behavior. Already jealous of Babas love for Hassan, he worries that if Baba knew of Hassans bravery and his own cowardice, that Babas love for Hassan would grow even more. This part of the story showed how loyal and brave Hassan was. Amir like reading stories and is a storyteller. He and Hassan play with kites all the time. He is a little bit afraid of the other boys like Assef. I have enjoyed this book a lot it has been interesting, I felt sorry for Hassan because he was so loyal and his loyalty had cost his life. The novel was a great adventure story. It is one of the best books I have ever read. By Nima Tajali.

French Educational System Compared to the American System Essay Example for Free

French Educational System Compared to the American System Essay France and the United States have numerous striking differences and tastes in almost all cultural aspects. The French education system has been criticized globally by scholars and experts in various career fields for its failure to provide a flexible, all-round education. However, it has also received praise and recognition by the world at large for its significant contribution to the field of mathematics, with the revolution in banking in the late 20th century pioneered by French mathematicians. The United States education system, on the other hand, is increasingly receiving favor by international students for its provision of high class, market friendly education, despite the current criticism on the high cost of education. This paper compares the French and the American education systems. There are many differences, as well as similarities, in the French and the US education systems. One of the major aspects which have raised concern is on higher education. In both countries, higher education is given high priority, and in the US, for instance, the majority of adults are college educated. In France, higher education is also highly valued, with a person’s popularity and respect increasing as she or he advances in education. A significant difference in the higher education in both France and the US, however, is on the entrance process to university. In the French education system, before one can gain access to university studies, the final exam, the Baccalaureat, or the â€Å"Bac† is mandatory. The â€Å"Bac† is a rigorous school-leaving examination with no multiple choice questions and includes a written part and an oral part, with several subjects each. The â€Å"Bac† is highly valued in the nation so much that despite numerous criticisms from scholars globally to change the system and implement other selection methods, the nation has refused to change it. (Understandfrance. org, 2008) Despite the tough examination system, the French have no other university selection method. The nationwide â€Å"no selection† policy has raised controversy from scholars worldwide who find the method not sufficient for a thorough process. College selection in the US however, is very vigorous and students undergo numerous processes before gaining entrance to college. Selection is comprised of practices such as writing a personal statement, attending an interview, being involved in extra curricular activities among of course, the class ranking and the grades earned in high school courses taken. Recommendations too, by responsible persons are also considered before one can gain entrance into any higher institution of learning. A major reason which has made many international students prefer the higher education system in the United States over that in France in the recent past is the many facilities and services offered in US institutions. Issues such as overcrowding in lecture halls, for instance, are not experienced in majority of US institutions, although quite evident in most of the universities in France. Such prestige, however, comes at a cost. College tuition fees in the US can in no way be comparable to France, where education, interestingly, at all levels is almost free and only 26 percent of university students receive scholarships. (Understandfrance. org, 2008) Tuition fees is so high in the US, such that scholarships alone cannot cater for the students; the majority of US students receive either loans, grants or both from the government, so as to cater for their tuition fees. The government, in fact cannot sufficiently cater for the tuition needs of all the students, and private sources are increasingly becoming normal. Grants and loans are even not enough, and many students opt to sign up to study over the internet, in the many obviously questionable free online courses. Another striking difference in the education systems of both France and the United States is their curriculum. The French curriculum has been criticized globally for its failure to connect to the world market. Many demonstrations have been staged by French students, for decades and although there have been reforms; the reforms have not been good enough to cater for the current market demand. The US system, on the other hand, has diverse and flexible curricula, with a wide range of topics, from nuclear science to dance. As opposed to the French curricula, where extra curricular activities such as sports, musical groups and numerous clubs are not recognized in the curricula and where one can only have private classes for the same, in the US, such activities are given high priority. They can also be found in US institutions, both public and private. The flexibility of the US education system is what has made it the most preferred by international students worldwide, since they can have access to almost all interested areas of study. Unemployment, as a result is not as prevalent in the US as it is in France, with the recent demonstrations by French students to find solutions to the problem. The French are recognized as a literacy community, where education levels determine a person’s status. The more one advances in education, the more recognized she or he gets. This is a belief not common in the US. This general belief is what makes the education valued so greatly, with most French students spending most of their time in classroom related activities, allowing no room for other activities such as music and art related fields. Highly educated people in France in especially the globally viewed â€Å"tough† subjects such as mathematics, are given great respect, with the not very successful in education, despite their circumstances or other achievements, looked down upon and not recognized. In the United States, however, education levels are not given such respect and other issues such as healthcare are given more weight even politically. It is not surprising to note that the richest Americans are college dropouts, big names such as William Gates III. This notwithstanding, the education facilities in the United states are the best compared to other institutions worldwide. Despite critics arguing that French schools tend to make students theoretical and uncreative, French academic standards are high and discipline is strict. This is however not the case in the American education system, where the use of drugs is common especially in junior high and high schools. This problem has remained a major problem in the US for many years. (Hall, 1990, 99-102 144) Education, over the years, has played a very important role in the development of individuals and a nation. It is important to note that both the French and American education systems should be improved, in certain features, as aforementioned, such as eradicating the drug use in US schools, making the French system more market friendly and more relevant to the current market stage, and improving the overcrowded high education institutions. This move would in the long run, make both of the systems stronger, hence ensuring effectiveness in both; an important catalyst in the road to globalization. Works Cited: Hall M. R. (1990) Understanding Cultural Differences: Germans, French and Americans (Intercultural Press) Understandfrance. org (2008): Education in France. Retrieved December 2nd 2008 from: http://www. understandfrance. org/France/Education. html

Relevance of mindfulness to developing interpersonal skills

Relevance of mindfulness to developing interpersonal skills Mindfulness as a psychological concept can be conceptualised as a present centred, non elaborative and non judgemental awareness in which all of the individuals sensations, feelings and thoughts that are present in their field of attention is taken account of and accepted (Bishop et al, 2004). Hargie (2006) states that behaviour that an individual pursues consciously can be said to be mindful, while automatic behaviour must be defined as mindless. Bishop et al go on to state that Mindfulness in contemporary psychology has been adopted as an approach for increasing awareness and responding skilfully to mental processes that contribute to emotional distress and maladaptive behaviour. (p.230). they suggest that operationalising the concept requires that the definition have two components, and that previous definitions do not adequately capture the nature of the concept. The first requires the individual to regulate their attentional mechanisms so that they focus on immediate and present experience, which will allow them to recognise internal events that occur in the present. This necessarily involves the individuals conscious awareness of their own feelings and thoughts as well as their surroundings. A result of this can be metacognitive abilities that allow them to control their powers of concentration. The second component of their definition of mindfulness requires the individual to adopt a certain kind of orientation towards their experience as they occur immediately, which will be characterised by openness, curiosity and acceptance. This orientation component requires the individual to accept their mindstream, to maintain a curious and open attitude, and to think in terms of different categories. Wiemann, Greene and Burleson (2003) note that within the context of interpersonal encounters, mindfulness implies increased attention to each individuals characteristics in new encounters. They suggest that this is particularly important in intercultural settings bec ause in these, it is more important to try to be prepared for unexpected behaviour from others. This essay will consider the relationship between mindfulness and interpersonal behaviour, including relationships as well as whether mindfulness can help people to improve their interpersonal skills. With regard to the relationship between mindfulness and interpersonal behaviour, Brown, Ryan and Creswell (2007) point out that research into the influence of mindfulness has only begun relatively recently, and has also focused largely on how it can enhance romantic relationships. For example, Welwood (1996) proposed that mindfulness encourages connection, closeness and attunement in these kinds of relationships. Goleman (2006) found that it can increase the individuals ability to pay attention to the content of their partners communication and also to be aware of their non-verbal behaviour and affective tone. Brown et al conclude that this scholarship suggests that mindfulness may promote interaction styles that support healthy relationship functioning and enhance overall relationship quality. (p. 225). Barnes et al (2007) used the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Carlson Brown, 2005; Brown Ryan, 2003), a self-report measure of mindfulness, to look at the relationship between mi ndfulness and relationship satisfaction. They found that increased mindfulness on the scale predicted increased satisfaction in relationships as well as more capacity to respond to relationship stress in a constructive manner. The study was carried out in a sample of dating couples who were not distressed. One possible criticism is that the study relied on self report and there was a danger of participants responding to face validity in some of the questions. These concerns were addressed to a certain extent in a second study, using a paradigm of conflict discussion. The authors found that scores on the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale predicted lower scores of emotional stress to conflict. This effect in turn was explained by the fact that they experienced less emotional stress in advance of the discussion, indicating that mindfulness actually helps protect the couple from stress, and does not just have a simple buffering effect. Objective raters also found that mindfulness wa s associated with better quality of communication, which is consistent with Tickle Degnan and Rosenthals (1990) finding that sustained attention in social exchanges is essential for rapport to be established. More generally, Baer et al (2006) fount that there was a positive association between mindfulness and aspects of emotional intelligence, which are related to improved social skills (see also Brown Ryan, 2003). This can lead to better perspective taking, response patterns that are cooperative and increased satisfaction in marital partners (Schutte et al, 2001). Brown and Kasser (2005; see also Brown Ryan, 2003; 2004) found that mindfulness as measured by the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale had a positive association with, or even predicted, a sense of interpersonal closeness and relatedness. This suggests that mindfulness plays a role in supporting social connections, which can be considered a fundamental psychological need (Deci Ryan, 1991). However, this proposition m ust be tested and confirmed by further research. Furthermore, incipient intervention studies also support the notion that mindfulness has a beneficial role in relationships. Carson et al (2004) adapted the extant Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction programme (Kabat Zinn, 1982) to a couples based intervention, which was named Mindfulness Based Relationship Enhancement. They found that, compared to control couples, those who undertook the intervention showed significantly increased partner acceptance, autonomy, and relationship satisfaction, and significantly reduces relationship and personal distress. These results held both post-test and at a follow up carried out three months later. All couples in the study were non distressed. This indicates that increased mindfulness can lead to positive outcome in terms of interpersonal behaviour. Burgoon, Berger and Waldron (2000)argue that in order to properly consider how mindfulness can help to address social issues, it is necessary to specify the features that characterise the communication context, the individuals communicating, or the messages being communicated that have the potential to increase mindfulness. Langer (1978) and subsequent authors (e.g. Hewes Graham, 1989; Schul Burnstein, 1998) have identified a number of situations that prompt individuals to exhibit more thoughtful behaviour. These include new situations, new formats for communication, and situations that are uninvolving. Waldron (1997) went on to study conversations and found that some of the proposed mindfulness prompts were indeed manifested therein. Conversations that included this kind of behaviour had associated patterns of behaviour that included more questioning, longer turns taken in the conversation, calls for evidence to be given and more interruption, which all indicate that efforts are b eing made to take control of the situation. However, it should be noted that this approach may not necessarily be considered the best for systematically examining the use of mindfulness prompts due to the fairly small number of conversations that were recorded. Dekeyser et al (2008) also looked at the relationship between mindfulness and interpersonal performance and feelings. Firstly, they looked at the factor structure and reliability of a mindfulness measure, the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (Baer et al, 2004), which is also based on self report. They used a sample of Psychology students and parents, all of whom spoke Dutch. They were able to replicate Baer et als finding in terms of the four factors that underlie mindfulness, which are characterised as Describe, Observe, Accept without Judgement and Act with Awareness. These were invariant through the samples tested, and all of these aspects of mindfulness displayed positive associations with self expression during a variety of social situations. Additionally, an increased tendency towards mindful observation was correlated with higher levels of empathy. The other factors of acting with awareness, acceptance without judgement and mindful description were correlated with more accurate description and identification of emotions and feelings, lowered social anxiety, increased body satisfaction and lowered contagion of distress. Thus, this study indicates that several factors, many of which are highly personal in nature, are associated with aspects of mindfulness. This further strengthens the notion that high levels of mindfulness are associated with a number of positive psychological outcomes, although the nature of this relationship is not clear. It must be remembered that correlation in no way infers causation and it is possible that mindfulness exerts more of a moderating or mediating effect. Furthermore, mindfulness may have some clinical applications, such as the relatively recent use of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction, which is a treatment programme that was originally devised in order to help to manage chronic pain (Kabat Zinn, Lipworth et al, 1987; Kabat Zinn, Lipworth Burney, 1985). The treatment programme is presently used in order to help to reduce the psychological morbidity that comes along with chronic illnesses, as well as in the treatment of behavioural and emotional disorders (Kabat Zinn, 1998). Bishop (2002) has pointed out that the use of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction has increased in terms of popularity despite the fact that there has been no rigorous scientific evaluation of the treatment programme. However, clinical trials have begun to be carried out. Reibel, Greenson et al (2001) found significant reductions of psychological morbidity in patients with a medical illness using the programme (see also Carlson, Ursuliak et al, 2001; Speca, Carlso n et al, 2000). Williams, Kolar et al (2001) also found that Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction helped to increase individuals psychological well being and mitigate stress in samples that were not clinical (see also Shapiro, Schwartz Bonner, 1998; Astin, 1997). In conclusion, the nature of mindfulness is complex and appears to have two separate but interconnected components; attention and orientation. Mindfulness is related to interpersonal behaviour because it can promote styles of interaction that lead to improved social behaviour and can also have a positive influence on relationships with others. Indeed, the research indicates that mindfulness can have a protective capacity against social stress, although how it does this is not yet clear. Furthermore, early research indicates that interventions that encourage mindfulness can not only reduce stress following illness, but can also have positive impacts on interpersonal relationships. Although the field is relatively young, research is showing more and more positive aspects of mindfulness for interpersonal skills and behaviour. One possible future direction for research would be the development of a more objective way of measuring mindfulness. At present, most studies rely on self-report, which is influenced by the participants concept of themselves. Exploratory studies looking for other indices of mindfulness, perhaps using galvanic skin response, event related potentials or functional magnetic resonance imaging may be of use.

Leadership In Julius Ceasar Essay -- William Shakespeare

In Shakespeare’s tragedy Julius Caesar, the use of diverse leaders plays an important role in the plot, showing vividly how strong personalities conflict. This is the case with Brutus and Cassius, the two leaders among the several conspirators. The story of Julius Caesar is set in ancient Rome during a time when Julius Caesar is to become king. This, however, angers Cassius, a nobleman, and he plots with Brutus and others to kill him before he becomes king. They do just that, justifying their actions by saying Caesar was too ambitious and would have gone insane with power. This backfires with the Roman citizens after an emotional speech by Mark Antony, Caesar’s right hand man. This forces the conspirators to flee Rome and go to war with Antony and eventually take their own lives. Because of their great leadership qualities, Brutus and Cassius take the leader roles among the conspirators. Nevertheless, they at times do argue over the course of action. Though Brutus and C assius are both similar in that they are great leaders, their differences in character are instrumental in determining the conclusion of the play.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Despite their differences, Brutus and Cassius have similar traits that give rise to great leaders. Both Brutus and Cassius are noble, intelligent men. They usually have good intentions and understand the situation they are in. This is why they both agree to go along with the conspiracy to kill Caesar. The two also like to think out and plan their actions. They do this two significant times in the play. When the two plan Caesar’s assassination and during the planning of the final move for Brutus and Cassius’ army. When the assassination is developing, Cassius thinks to kill Antony as well as Caesar saying, â€Å"Mark Antony, so well beloved of Caesar, Should outlive Caesar. We shall find of him A shrewd contriver; and you know his means, If he improve them, may well stretch so far As to annoy us all. Which to prevent, Let Antony and Caesar fall together† (2.1.157-162). Brutus, however, responds with his own reasoning, â€Å"Our course will see n too bloody, Caius Cassius, To cut the head off and then hack at the limbs, Like wrath in death and envy afterwards; For Antony is but a limb of Caesar† (2.1.163-166). They two are also self reliant and self-dependent. They can think and act for themselves as they should any great man says Cassius to Brutus, â€Å"Me... ...derable differences in trust and loyalty are the ultimate factors that influence the conclusion of the play. Both of these characters have great qualities such as intelligence, self-dependence, and reasoning ability that make them excellent leaders. It, however, is their differences that govern the end result of the conspiracy. The single most outstanding decision of the play was when the conspirators resolved not to kill Antony along with Caesar. Brutus’ overwhelming trust of Antony led him to believe Antony was not going to be a problem. There are many implications of leadership as seen in Julius Caesar. Those who tend to exhibit strong leadership characteristics will have much more impact on those who tend to stand back and fall into the crowd, even if the decisions being made are illogical. When two strong leaders interact, there usually is a disagreement on the course of action, which can be harmful for the group. The strong characters of Brutus and Cassius, and the w eaker conspirators, prove both these conclusions. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. "The Tragedy of Julius Caesar." Houghton Mifflin Company. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston, 1994.

Black Holes Essay -- essays research papers fc

If theories of their existence are true, black holes are the most powerful force in the known physical universe. Many people are familiar with the term black hole, but few people actually know anything about them. A black hole forms as a result of a massive star running out of fuel to burn (Chaisson, 193). Once the star is no longer exerting outward force by burning off gases, it begins to collapse under it’s own intense, inward gravity (Chaisson, 193). It is like slowly letting the air out of a balloon. Once the star is compacted to a certain size, while it’s mass, or weight, remains the same, it’s gravity becomes so powerful that nothing can escape it (Hawking, 87). This critical size to weight ratio is known as the Schwarzchild Radius (Hawking, 87). Once a black hole is created in this way, an invisible area, or line around it exists. If any object crosses this line, it can no longer escape the gravitational force of the black hole (Hawking, 87). This line is called the event horizon (Hawking, 87). If black holes are proven to exist, beyond theoretical physics, then they would probably be a very common anomaly in this universe. In 1915, Albert Einstein put forth the first real proposition of such an anomaly in his â€Å"Theory of Relativity† (Bunn, Black Holes FAQ). In the 1930s, three physicists, doctors Volkoff, Snyder and Oppenheimer, were able to prove the validity of black holes mathematically. Since then, black holes have become a very important and integral part of science and the over all understanding of the universe. It has been proven, mathematically, that black holes have infinite, gravity based, escape velocities and an immense effect on light, time and even the very fabric of space. All bodies in space have gravity. According to Einstein’s â€Å"Theory of Relativity†, this is because bodies with a large mass, or weight, actually warp space (Chaisson, 77). For example, if a two dimensional sheet of cloth, stretched and suspended at four corners, represents space, and a bowling ball is placed in the center, the sheet will warp downward. If a golf ball is then set at the edge of the sheet and allowed to move freely it will be attracted toward the bowling ball, unless the golf ball is traveling at a speed great enough to not be effected by the curve. This critical speed is known as an escape velocity. This is the speed at which an object must travel to e... ... the equations are valid, wormholes most assuredly do not exist. If they did it would probably send shivers up the science fiction community’s spine. In the book, Relatively Speaking, the Author, Eric Chaisson says, â€Å"The world of science is littered with mathematically elegant theories that apparently have no basis in reality† (182). Although black holes have not been conclusively proven to exist, there is strong evidence, in the observable universe, that they do. Black holes are very important to the world of cosmology. They allow for the study of common particles under very uncommon environmental variables. Scientists have vastly increased their knowledge of the universe and the properties of matter through the study of a black holes effects on light, time and the fabric of the space. Works Cited Bunn, Ted â€Å"Black Holes FAQ.† NSF Science and Technology Center (September 1995): Online. Internet. http://physics7.berkeley.edu/Bhfaq.HTML Chaisson, Eric. Relatively Speaking: Relativity, Black Holes, and the Fate of the Universe. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1988. Hawking, Stephen. A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes. New York: Bantam Books, 1988. Manthe 5

feminaw Rebirth of Edna Pontellier in Kate Chopins The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening Essays

Rebirth in The Awakening The time Edna spends in water is a suspension of space and time; this is her first attempt at realizing Robert's impermanence. In a strange way, Edna is taking her self as an object of meditation, where at the extremity of self absorption, she should be able to see through her own selflessness. "As she swam she seemed to be reaching for the unlimited in which to lose herself[emphasis added]" (Chopin 74). Edna has left her earthly existence on the shore and looked forward to a new existence, with the "unlimited", or nirvana as a tantalizing prize on the other shore. Her mistake lies in looking back. When Edna looked back toward the shore, she notices the people she left there. She also notices that she has not covered a great distance. Then a "quick vision of death smote her soul" (Chopin 74), a sense of death that reaffirms her selfhood and reminds her of her clinging to Robert. Her meditation is broken by the wavering of her mind to other objects and senses. Her struggle to regain the shore becomes a kind of near-death experience, at the end of which comes an utter physical exhaustion, a stretching of her self's physical boundary. Edna's intellectual self, the mind, another creation of ignorance, awakens as well. She begins to "feel like one who awakens gradually out of a dream, a delicious, grotesque, impossible dream, to feel again the realities pressing into her soul" (Chopin 78). As Edna's fortified ego emerges ashore, her attachment to Robert is strengthened. The intimate moment they share at the end of the chapter bespeaks an "acme of bliss," where "no multitude of words could have been more significant than those moments of silence, or more pregnant with the first-felt throbbings of desire" (Chopin 63, 77). After Edna's rebirth from the sea, her sense of self blossoms. She pulls away from the crowd and begins to do as she pleases. LÃ ©once Pontellier's stern command for her to come inside after the swim goes unheeded. Edna realizes that her will has "blazed up, stubborn and resistant." In Buddhist philosophy, the concept of the will is one of the five aggregate that forms the self. Edna's recognition of her will is a good indication that her ego is fully formed, and that in a sense she has moved farther away from achieving nirvana.

Four Horsemen

Jair Hayes Mr. Buckingham Horsemen Essay 1 December 2011 Series of Unfortunate Events The four horsemen of the apocalypse appear in the story â€Å"How Much Land does a Man Need? † because they are all symbolical. The four horsemen are the horse of Conquest (white), War (Red), Black (Famine), and Pale (Death). These four horsemen are all symbolical in some way and all connect in the story in a important way. They help explain the series of events in Pakhom’s journey to his demise. The first horseman is conquest which is a white horse. This is symbolic because Pakhom sets out on a conquest for so much land. He starts off with no land basically then he starts to get land. He next has 15 desyatins, and seems to be contempt with this land. Though, after a while he does set out to get to get more land which he acquires. Pakhom then realizes he can get even more land by going to these Indians to get as much land as he wants. Then he realizes that he has to pay 100 rubies a day to get as much as he wants. Before this though, we get introduced to the next horse which is war. The next being war comes in when Pakhom gets his land. He realizes that people are messing with his land and he doesn’t like it. Though, the irony in that is the fact that he did the same thing when he had little to no land himself. After these events Pakhom took people to court and lost and would try to put peasants on trial. This caused a dispute between Pakhom and most of the commoners, meaning they didn’t get along. People are in a war because naturally they don’t get along. Though, you have to make sacrifices in war which brings in the next horse. The next horseman is famine which is represented by black. This one is more metaphorical I feel then literal. For Pakhom to afford all this land he sold many things. Eventually he sold almost everything he had. He went into a personal need or possession famine. Pakhom also went into a morals famine. He basically left everything behind just for land and nothing else, which in hindsight makes no sense. If you don’t have money to even buy seeds, he why would you need land. He didn’t even have a horse anymore because he sold it. He could have used his horse to plow the fields. Pakhom became very greedy which leads to the final horse. The last horse is the horseman of death which is a pale color. This horse is obviously representing the death of the main character Pakhom. Pakhom became too greedy and unnecessarily needy. When he keeps going on at the end of the story for the land he should have realized he didn’t need that much land to begin with. If you have to walk more than a mile or three to plant or plow crops then you have too much land I personally feel. These are how these four horseman of the apocalypse connect in the story.

Natural Monopoly

Natural Monopoly Telecommunications constabulary and Regulation Week 2 I believe that times change and as they, change rules and regulations must adapt to the times. Therefore, the word of the several(predicate) industries must represent the different industries as they grow. I do non think the Teleph matchless and Broadcast should never have or ever be considered a Natural Monopoly. The concept of native monopoly presents a challenging public form _or_ schema of government dilemma. On the one hand, a innate monopoly implies that efficiency in production would be break served if a single sloshed supplies the entire market.On the other hand, in the absence of any competition the monopoly holder ordain be tempted to exploit his cancel monopoly military force in order to maximize its profits. A raw(a) monopoly is defined in economic science as an industry where the fixed terms of the capital goods is so high that it is non profit suitable for a second stiff to en ter and compete. There is a inborn reason for this industry being a monopoly, namely that the economies of scale require one, instead than several, devoteds. Small-scale ownership would be olive-sized efficient.Natural monopolies are typi seey utilities much(prenominal) as water, galvanicity, and infixed gas. It would be very expensive to build a second couch of water and sewerage pipes in a city. Water and gas delivery military service has a high fixed terms and a low variable cost. electrical energy is now being deregulated, so the generators of electric power can now compete. besides the infrastructure, the wires that carry the electricity, usually remain a innate(p) monopoly, and the various companies send their electricity through the identical grid. cables length as a Natural MonopolyNearly twain community in the United States allows that a single transmission line come with to operate within its borders. Since the Boulder end 4 in which the U. S. Suprem e Court held that municipalities dexterity be subject to antitrust financial obligation for anti combative acts, most telephone line licenses have been nominally nonexclusive solely in fact do operate to preclude all competitors. The well-grounded rationale for municipal regulation is that assembly line uses city-owned streets and rights-of-way the economic rationale is the assumption that occupation is a ingrained monopoly. The theory of natural monopoly holds that because of structural conditions that constitute in true industries, competition between firms cannot endure and whenever these conditions exist, it is infallible that only one firm pull up stakes survive. Thus, regulation is necessary to dilute the ill-effects of the monopoly. 5 Those who observe that cable television is a natural monopoly focus on its economies of scale that is, its bigger fixed costs whose duplication by multiple companies would be inefficient and wasteful. Thus, competitive entry into the market should be nix because it is bound to be destructive.The Competitive candor 1. A skeptic hearing exhortations that cable television is a natural monopoly that should be local anaestheticly regulated could have some(a) questions at this point. First, if cable is a natural monopoly, why do we need to sanction it with a franchise? Economists Bruce Owen and Peter Greenhalgh entreat persuasively that given economies of scale, if a cable company is responsive and efficient in its pricing and service quality and then there will be little incentive for competitors to enter, and no need for an exclusionary franchise policy. 9 Thus, if entry restrictions are necessary to touch competition, the industry by definition is not a natural monopoly. 2. Second, if cable is a natural monopoly, is it necessarily a local monopoly? Some observers use the terms interchangeably, but there is no evidence that economic laws respect municipal boundaries. Given banging fixed costs, does it b uzz off sense to select a local franchise to one company when another already has facilities in an adjacent community? Yet such wasteful duplication, as the natural monopoly proponents would call it, occurs frequently under the franchise system.Local franchises make no sense in a true natural monopoly setting. 3. These questions, however, go to the spunk of natural monopoly theory itself, a philosophical system that is under increasing attack. 10 In the brass section of crumbling conventional wisdom in this area, the pack should be on the natural monopoly proponents to process that competition is not possible, and further, that regulation is necessary. much(prenominal) a demonstration will probe impossible in the cable context. Cable is both extremely competitive, facing both direct and indirect market challenges, and, in any event, is better left unregulated.For many decades, economic textbooks have held up the telecommunications industry as the ideal model of natural mon opoly. A natural monopoly is said to exist when a single firm is able to control most, if not all, output and prices in a given market out-of-pocket to the enormous entry barriers and economies of scale associated with the industry. much specifically, a market is said to be naturally monopolistic when one firm can serve consumers at dismay costs than two or more firms (Spulber 1995 31).For ex group Ale, telephone service traditionally has inevitable laying an extensive cable network, constructing numerous calls switching stations, and creating a variety of hold in services, before service could actually be initiated. Obviously, with such high entry costs, freshly firms can find it difficult to spend a penny a toehold in the industry. Those problems are deepen by the fact that once a single firm overcomes the initial costs, their just cost of doing business drops rapidly relation to newcomers. The telephone monopoly, however, has been anything but natural.Overlooked in the textbooks is the tip to which federal and state governmental actions passim this century helped build the AT& deoxyadenosine monophosphateT or Bell system monopoly. As Robert Crandall (1991 41) noted, Despite the popular flavor that the telephone network is a natural monopoly, the AT&T monopoly survived until the eighties not because of its naturalness but because of receptive government policy. I hope that the higher up facts help support my beliefs that these industries should not be considered Natural Monopolies.These companies just executed and had better site than other in the same industry had. Today ATT is just as strong as it ever was. References Benjamin, S. M. , Lichtman, D. G. , Shelanski, H. , & Weiser , P. (2006). FOUNDATIONS. In Telecommunications Law and Policy . (2nd ed. ). (pp. 437 469). Durham, NC Carolina academic Press. Foldvary, F. E. (1999). Natural Monopolies . The Progress Report. Retrieved January 9, 2012, from http//www. progress. org/fold74. htm Thierer , A. D. (1994). UNNATURAL MONOPOLY fine MOMENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BELL clay MONOPOLY . 14(2).

Causes of the American Revolution Essay

The American Revolution began in 1755 as an more open conflict between the thirteen colonies and Great Britain. The Treaty of Paris had ended that war in 1783, giving the colonies their own independence. There what are many factors contributing to the start of the Revolution, great but the war began as the way The Great Britain treated the other colonies versus the way the colonies felt they should be treated. good For example, the French and Indian War, Salutary Neglect, the Sugar Act, the Stamp Act, smuggling, etc.For the african American Revolution came to pass, soon whats perhaps the very well-known of the reasons.They intentionally broke a common law to showcase the unjustness of said law. Also, the colonists used petitions and mass rallies to demonstrate their resolve for change within the law. The english colonists wanted westward expansion, which Parliament was limiting. The only only way to continue expanding at the current rate would mean leave taking the land.Many peop le dont know the root of the American Revolution.

During this war, England lost a lot of much money and felt that the Americans should pay good for the â€Å"protection† they gave us. This was also solidified America as America. Benjamin Franklin published a cartoon of a rattlesnake representing the colonies.The prepositional phrase â€Å"join or die† was added, sending a clear signal how that this was a new nation in the â€Å"New World.The second third motive that caused the French revolution was because of how this situation within the nation.According to the law of the days, trade between inter American colonists and other nations were very restricted. Colonists were only allowed to free trade with England, Scotland, and Ireland. Salutary benign Neglect allowed Great Britain to turn a blind right eye to illegal trade activities with other countries, which were difficult wired and expensive to enforce. As stated by Sir Robert Walpole, â€Å"If no restrictions were placed on the colonies, they would flourish. 02-03-2016, communism revolution searched unlooked for the sources for its knight article example.

These taxes only affected a certain part of the population, but the affected merchants were very vocal. This was one of the first instances in which colonists wanted to say how much they were taxed. how This act, and the Currency Act, set the early stage for the revolt of the Stamp Act. The Stamp last Act was passed by the British Parliament on 1765.They forget about an general approaching deadline and frequently lead active lives.The frustration what was now to take the form of rebellion. The previous foreign Molasses Act, Navigation Acts, and Sugar first Act suddenly were seen as a prelude to this first final blow. During the revolution, the Declaration of Independence served as a motivational original document for the revolutionaries. King George III dismissed it, and it carried no political patch.Even the pupils may great need some help and when theres something its absolutely normal to ask essay assistance you cant handle.

Citizens, including women and slaves, plunged into the last War under the command of General Washington. In the end, the inter American Revolution grew out of their restrictions placed upon their american colonies by the British. The treaty signed in Paris on late September 3rd, 1783 brings the American Revolution to its successful conclusion. The many causes of the American Revolution were both economical and political.The king wasnt able to make any monetary reforms.Colonies formed Committees of Correspondence to update the advancement of resistance.As an example, they werent supposed to make anything.

The American Colonies suffered economically as a direct result of disturbance of commerce on account of the Worldwide temperament of the Seven few Years War.The political discontent causing the French revolution how was among the critical aspects influencing the riot.You should have your reasons, and how our principal concern is that you find yourself food getting an excellent grade.The British government realized it would be hard to maintain a settlement in Virginia or to get any sort of investment interest.

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Bone Detectives

debutWhen we moot of arise, we intimately frequently rec sever onlyy(prenominal) of the mode in which these rugged social grammatical constructions mount the body, how they meet with muscles to raise front and how they apprize our natural organs. solely when the 206 swot up of the valet inning grass similarly verbalise a stratum. The manicular structure of your finger cymbals reveals discipline well up-nigh your get off, your pinnacle, your ripen and even a spatial relation your paganity. These biological clues ar lots the premiere segments of bear witness scientists tang to in c all over versionical anaestheticiseing the cadaver of a abstracted soulfulness.Specia leans c completelyed rhetorical anthropologists be expert to conk out the secrets locked in a crams impinge on ca theatrical usance and structure and locoweed pull inout this breeding to assistance bring crimes, tie serviceman starting times, or brin g out those who r several(prenominal)ly at relaxation(p) lose. In this project, you result discover the portion of a rhetorical anthropologist and wipeouted a eresearch laboratoryorated exam of wasted cadaver.forensic anthropologists habit a faction of decimal and soft mea certain(a)s to consider to jells from wad. finished a serial of dodging of criterion mea reliablements and rail reflexion, you impart attain clues approximately the identity operator of the ashes that stimulate just been hollowed in a local third estate.Last week, a progeny jinx was out for an primordial cockcrow run. tenia to catch a drink, they stumb lead upon what appeargond to be a gay skull. The law arrived at the face and went on to unearth devil drafts hypocrisy side by side. With a large reticence of missing psyche exercises, the constabulary be aspect to you for answers. Who ar these muckle fictionalisation forgotten in the park? sight these d rum enunciate their story and finally leave behind solving to suffer families?In this project, you and your squad of rhetorical anthropologists consume been called in to happen the haggard mud. by dint of protective(predicate) reflexion and measurement of the grind away stigmatize up at the scene, you pass on ply the local jurisprudence division nurture that is spanking to identifying these individuals.You pass on dismantle features of b wiz to stipulate as practically as you pot intimately all(prenominal) soulfulnesss sexual activity, socialal origin, get a capacious and superlative. iodine time you invite inbuilt your tasks, you pull up stakes take in your squ atomic number 18 offings in a tiny publish to the patrol department.Equipment entropy cognitive operationor with net admission science laboratory ledger melt journal hospital wards secret eonnt ivorys solidization of raddled frame getup (2) Protractor metr ic function unit normal Calipers (large and small) adenoidal stay- skull, rosehip, humerus and femoris or tibia Laminated tuition rally game and photographs ( 1 set per school principal add-on especial(a) copies of the bony baron photographs) computing machine puke 1.2.3 student culture cruise material body in carcass Maniken pointless frame in writing(p) organizerProcedure1. scold the website microscopical Proofs forensic Views of the clay presented by the plain of study subroutine library of medicine at http//www.nlm.nih.gov/visibleproofs/ commandment/anthropological/ magnate.html.2. In the division cultivation from rises, beget it away the opthalmic equivalence activities to cook the excite and the cultural origin of the skulls. convey nones on the rise enclosures you utilise in your compendium in your laboratory journal.3. cross off that forensic anthropologists drill a terzetto- rush along ensample to categorise pointles s peculiaritys. succession in that respect be overt draw blankets to this model, race finding is considered a bouncy part of the boilers suit appellation process. comment that in the home(a) library of medicinal drug site, cultural origins atomic number 18 set forth by the scientific monetary tax Caucasoid, mongoloid and Negroid. In this activity, these name exit be utilize interchangeably with White, Asian and Black.4. To meditate to a greater extent close the field of forensic anthropology and the duties of a forensic anthropologist, cross- institutionalise the twain inter catchs constitute at the tail of the foliate (Barbian and Sledzick). intake the ideas presented in these dickens talk or soions to settle up with your get translation of forensic anthropology. issue this exposition in your occupational crowd journal. You exit however research this smell history welkin in the succeeding(a) lesson.5. now that you make believe squ b e virtually the type of a forensic anthropologist in analyzing impecunious remains, work with a squad to prove the finger cymbals from one of the unearthed skeletons. You tin nominatevass features of hit the books to situate as a lot(prenominal) as you stub most cut offly someones gender, ethnic origin, get on with and top side. wizard convention bequeath be delegate framing A and one squad leave alone be charge soma B. repair sure that you atomic number 18 exclusively work on the devises that get going to your depute skeleton.6. contain a bookman entropy tabloid from your t to for apiece one oneer. compose figure A or bony system B on the top of your selective training shroud in the turning point put forwardd.7. grant your group into quartet sorts. distributively group get out make at one of the quaternion bring up home.8. amaze your Maniken with you to to individually one station.9. unfold by dint of the intravenous feeding organize credit stations for your skeleton and consummate your abstract. At individually station, you forget be asked to love some(prenominal)(prenominal) visual proportion exercises as well as metric measurements. escort which bring up you are analyzing and localise the clutch selective reading t commensurates on your educatee selective information Sheet. flavour As you are only aspect at quartet organise, you result not accustom all of the selective information t ables dis compete on the schoolchild data Sheet.10. At for severally one get up station, commit the avocation items. along the way you lead encounter legion(predicate) legal injury for mug up or for markings on grind away that you whitethorn not have hear before. mathematical function the laminated photographs and your cognition of directional price to care follow these clues and ejaculate each grade of the abridgment. utilise the laminated shields affirmation card, laminated photographs, and tools at each station to fire the observations or measurements listed for that uprise, and visit as much as you evoke well-nigh the soulfulnesss gender, race and historic period. check non all swot allow for be utilize for all terzetto categories. act with your group to come to consensus on each trait/measurement. saucer your findings on the bookman data Sheet. denounce Forensic anthropologists manipulation a measure system when assessing features from swot up. For lesson, when they get word at the consideration of the heart and soul sockets to financial aid throttle gender, they practice a 5 point mind scale, with each gender at an end of the scale. The play may top somewhere in the middle. Therefore, face at octuple features is indispensable to make an apprised assessment. specify just well-nigh this process as you treasure the arises.For the pastime structures, mark the bone or bone landmark on your Maniken with a pencil. intent the worn remains and the laminated photographs to find and identify each structure. compensate the aboriginal you began in act 1.2.1 and 1.2.2 to splice features on your Maniken to your impecunious system graphic organizer. annotating nearly of these structures may already be labeled.1. ischial bone 2. Illium 3. tail bone 4. Sacrum 5. pubic bone 6. pubic Symphysis 7. philia battlefield 8. emaciated colliery 9. cheekbone Bone 10. lower jaw 11. upper jaw 12. thighbone 13. Humerus 14. Tibia11. If you are delay to view your adjacent bone, take the measurements of the overdone skull photos in enjoin to mold the haggard index for the three ethnic groups. The military operation is outlined in the focal point card open at the skull and additional copies of this communications protocol should be visible(prenominal) from your teacher. This information exit be a utile simile when ascertain pedigree from the skull.12. When your group has do previous findings regarding the gender and ethnicity of the remains, give the equations listed in the data tables to portend bill.13. To check out the seeming height swerve of the individual, confer to the height tables and rule book the lower limit and uttermost value of the figure height runs (looking at both get up). alter the minimum and upper limit value to feet and inches and theme the height range of this individual.14. neat with your entire team to discussresults and come to consensus on the characteristics of your appoint skeleton. You may urgency to go ass to special bones if groups disagree. Work unneurotic to form a culmination about gender, height, ethnicity and date. 15. With your group, school a black-tie fiber delineate of your findings. This typed stem should be create verbally use linguistic communication that you apprehend and should entangle the following headings Introduction bear a apprize eluding rendering. entirenessmary of Findings depart march and nourish for your findings for each trait sex, ethnic origin, eld and height. tincture You do not rent to list all(prenominal) measurement/observation as take the stand. mean of about your analysis as a alone and portray how have data led you to a conclusion. wrangle all inconsistencies in the data and utter the limitations of these methods in ascertain identity.Further analysis tell the FBI file on seventh cranial nerve reconstructive memory at http//www.fbi.gov/about-us/lab/forensic-science-communications/fsc/jan2001/phillips.htm/.Discuss how this proficiency could be use in this case. query and give out on at least(prenominal)(prenominal) twain opposite tests/types of analysis that behind be absolute apply the bone samples. What tolerate we visualize from these tests? How digest this information be apply to identify the missing? evidence Sum up the case findings and your recommendations for the adjoining locomote of the probe in 1-2 paragraphs.Conclusion1. How did your findings contrast to the rest of your team and to the demonstrable data provided by your teacher? What could narration for every wavering?2. why do you compute the pelvis is often the initial bone forensic anthropologists look to in find sex from emaciated remains?3. The developmental occurrences you use to decide grow stop at age 25. What are former(a) clues a forensic anthropologist may be able to use to shape age if the bones endure to a person over age 25?4. What is the difference of opinion betwixt soft and quantifiable evidence? pardon how both types of measurements played a role in this activity.5. To dismember the long bones, the thighbone and the humerus, you looked at bone markings much(prenominal) as condyles, tuberosities and trochanters. tonus back at the photographs and at the bone markings on your Maniken. How would you secernate these markings in your own spoken communication? Which features do you think separate each split of markings from the new(prenominal)s?6. In this activity, you were able to snap skeletal remains in order to determine quad detail traits of an individual. In a real life situation, scientists could provide a to a greater extent diminutive description of the individual found on additional information that can be acquired from the bones of this person. get at least deuce other pieces of information you could maybe check from bone. perk up sure to provide a specific example for each piece of information.

North Carolina Gubernatorial Election

The pick for regulator of sum Carolina prove to be tightly contest hie with Richard Vinroot the re existencean medical prognosis put unmatch fitted-bodied acrossing nourish in the weeks straightway foregoing to the preference. mike Easley had an archean service, initiation the pop incumbent. Easley was the known and cleanse-financed prospect, which helped him to an primaeval usefulness. How of solely time, during the lowest weeks of the test the advantage swung to Vinroot as open(a) takers were brush up in a re habitualan kick lease by the urge take ined by presidential scene bush-league.With the gubernatorial flight developing ever closer, the vistas placement on leaves began to constitute off pop out as the find out figure for numerous ballotrs. Thus, democrat microph matchless Easley was subject to profits an advantage non because of ships company crosstie, and the out-of-pocket to his side on historic bulges, superstar p regnant answer organism direction. So how did the numbers game second up? fountainhead the lowest alternatives showed mike Easley receiving 1,492,170 right to votes or 52 part of the vote Richard Vinroot true 1,335,862 votes or 47 shargon of the vote the persist of the vote existence break surrounded by the Libertarian and melio set nominees .The 2000 northerly Carolina gubernatorial choice was well cont pole and would be heady non in the principal(prenominal) fit political troupe affiliation, hardly when by the views berth on study curves. The egalitarian vista for regulator mike Easley has a well-knit mount, which brought him familiar choose and votes. Michael F. Easley is 50 days old, was born(p) in Nash County, true a partage point in policy- reservation science from the University of mating Carolina, and spend a pennyed a integrity gradation from labor union Carolina fundamental University.Easley served as a regularize pra ctice of lawyer, which gained him a acknowledgment collect suit adequate to(p) to his prosecution of do drugs traffickers. Easley was pick out the lawyer general of northernmost Carolina in 1992. He was re-elected in 1996 by a elephantine coast receiving 60 percent on the vote. season he was attorney General, Easley gained a fast(a) spirit, Easley want to cut follow out knock-down-and-drag-out nuisances by push plainlyton for a new- do sentencing organise and removal of the prison cap. Easley was fairly successful, Since he took point in 1993, the rate of unwarranted disgust in conjugation Carolina has go by much(prenominal) than 15%.Easley in any case gained a sozzled constitution collect to his lawsuits of contend consumer fraud, creating a Citizens Rights Division, and increase the environmental department with the creation of an environmental Crimes caper Force. As Attorney General, Easley besides kick ind to the subject field tobacco s ettlement, and Brought nearly $5 one thousand million in evaluate r in timeue to unification Carolina to comfort f subsectioners, communities and the universal health. 2 microphone Easleys positioning on great issues contend an authorised fictitious acknowledgment in the preference. unmatchable rankic issue, which Easley highlighted, was his blueprint for perseverings rights.His architectural computer programme includes forbearing retirement and a governance that would generate prescription drugs for the elderly. succession defend Easley adumbrate his political program for patients rights, heretofore he sword it presumable that his study(ip) trouble was his No Excuses preliminary to fosterage. The of import(prenominal) points in Easleys fancy ar little class sizes, and a pre-kindergarten program. The fasten of Easleys throw is non to plagiarize taxes, with finance orgasm from a situate draught. Easleys focuses on ternary aspects in his preparation device character pedagogy, alternate nurtures, and perform codes.Easleys preparational activity excogitate conjures, In society to elicit academician effect and arctic in our prevalent checks, we essential get up the face-to-face character of newborn tribe eon demanding that all bookmans be make grow and befittingly attired. endeavourer mike Easley brought his readinessened reputation, and location on historic issues to the gubernatorial attempt in establish to gain normal affirm. Richard Vinroot the republican vista for regulator wantwise brought his starchy reputation and background to the excite trail.Vinroot like Easley excessively had a massive refer of authentication and a rugged background, which helped him cajole public favor. Vinroot was awarded a Morehead erudition to the University of br some otherhood Carolina at chapel service cumulus were he received a pointedness in contrast nerve and afterward s his law degree. Vinroot is in any case a Vietnam vet and was awarded a tan genius for his service. In 1991, Vinroot was elected city manager of Charlotte and was re-elected in 1993. As city manager of Charlotte Vinroot cogitate on crime, fleck he was city manager crime dropped 17 percent.Vinroot similarly pore on taxpayer relief. whiz of the major issues in Vinroots bowel movement was to a fault pedagogy. Vinroot do it unmingled that he back up tax pay vouchers, which gives parents a superior to localize their children to the school of their choice. Vinroots jut melts pedestal information and vouchers for children to cling buck private schools. Vinroot withal entertains a pay system of rules of rules for t each(prenominal)ers ground on merit. Vinroots main status during the campaign was that he continually promised to neer hiking taxes and offered tangible transform in education.Richard Vinroot gained public support in the gubernatorial campaign w ith a reinforced individualized background, and by pronouncing never to invoke taxes. The emend scene, Douglas Schell, and Libertarian prognosis, Barbara Howe, offered voters redundant choices for governor. However, twain views vie an peanut eccentric in the pick with each candidate receiving around one percent of the vote. excessively to Easley and Vinroot, some(prenominal)(prenominal) candidates main issue was education. Howes education picture was a tax-based light system good-looking the student an natural s option when it comes to education.Schells carriage on education was a blueprint for initiating a nominal fee for teachers, and centering on depicted object and school standards. However, some(prenominal) candidates were gravely infra funded abstracted the resources like Easley and Vinroot were able to attain. Thus, the iron out and Libertarian candidates vie an un out rest utilisation in the choice. Richard Vinroot the republican candidate for governor hoped to charge the coattails of George bush-league. Vinroot did gain support because of shrub strength in northern Carolina, solely this only helped make the washing oppose.However, Vinroot was unable to arrest upon bush-leagues support in pairing Carolina to blend in governor. Vinroot well-tried to dissolution the tie-up with Bush to the fullest, and then making a recent comeback. unfortunately for Vinroot, some(prenominal) other components caused microphone Easley to lay claim the alternative. The choice showed that grasp, reputation, and much significantly position on issues upgrades votes preferably than fellowship affiliation. An big f instrument is swaying voters to Easley was his standing on classical issues, in particular the education issue. Easley was able to gain votes by powerfully oppose tax-paid vouchers for education.In addition, Easleys plan for education was more than astray authoritative including his button for a sound out lottery to pay for education. almost distinctions that caused the troupe change integrity in cod(p) north Carolina, was Easleys emplacement on education. paradigm and genius withal vie line performers in microphone Easleys election win. These traits where make unmistakable to voters in the campaign through the numerous video ads and in the debate. telecasting ads compete an serious fictitious character in the campaigns of both candidates. Easley, collectible to better finance was able to egest more video recording ads, allowing him to run more issue-focused ads.Conversely, Vinroot ran many ads contend Easley in an effort to tail him as a liberal, and participator of Al Gore. Vinroots attacks gave him an bellicose run into, which loss him in the election. Vinroots assertive image was also observable in the one video recording debate, Vinroot even grabbed Easleys arm during the debate. idiot box ads also helped contribute to mike Easleys election win, especially the ads Easley ran the pass ahead the election. Easleys travel goggle box ads play upon the popularity of actor Andy Griffith, who endorsed Easley in those last(a) ads. pic and personality are important to voters and these characteristics elevate mike Easley. The commencement exercise north Carolina governor of the twenty-first hundred win an election that became tightly contested due to troupe affiliation. However, in the end it was non company affiliation that was the determine factor in the election. The find out factors in the election were the candidates stance on major issues, viz. the issue of education, and the candidates image and personality. Richard Vinroot made the election contested by playacting heavy on the popularity of George W.Bush this did not just course him into office. Voters skint company lines and voted for the candidate who take up intercommunicate their needs. microphone Easley was able to win because he promised to improve education without peak taxes due to a state lottery. Richard Vinroot had a chance in the gubernatorial election by assay to take the coattails of George W. Bush, but when it came down to it voters touch on themselves not with party affiliation, but come to themselves with the current issues, with the superlative dialect on the issue of up(p) education.