Critical Evaluation of HRM and Organisation Behaviour Theories Coursework - 2

Basic Evaluation of HRM and Organization Behavior Theories Frameworks - Coursework Example The paper clarifies that human asset the board is an expansive range of expert order that has to do with whatever manages the treatment of individuals (human asset). Most definitely, human asset the board caters for â€Å"compensation, recruiting, execution the board, association advancement, security, health, benefits, representative inspiration, correspondence, organization, and training†. Human asset the executives has been given a hypothetical system by the Business Ball whereby it is identified with the mental agreement. It is said that â€Å"The Psychological Contract' is an inexorably pertinent part of working environment connections and more extensive human behavior.† This implies human asset the executives is viewed as an important wonder not as a result of the way that it is expected to prompt the development and advancement of an association however then since it is should have been set up to secure the essential relationship that necessities to exist between the human workforces in the organization.â This makes human asset the board a part of hierarchical administration that is expected to have a progressively perpetual premise. It is in such manner that human asset the executives has consistently been talked about alongside the lines of authoritative conduct †in light of the fact that the hierarchical conduct has a progressively perpetual stake in all associations. Authoritative Behavior has been clarified as â€Å"the study and utilization of information about how individuals, people, and gatherings act in organizations† (Clark, 1998). This implies hierarchical conduct can prompt a superior appreciation of the kind of human asset the executives that ought to be set up at a working environment or a given association and this is the motivation behind why the two ideas are constantly rewarded connected at the hip. Presumptions supporting the manner by which HRM and authoritative conduct hypotheses and structures have been engendered Rank (2011) takes note of that human asset the executives and hierarchical conduct has existed with mankind since days of yore. The main distinction is that these two wonders of the board have experienced a great deal of changes and advances. Fortunately treatment of both human asset the executives and authoritative conduct has been improving with time. There is to be sure exists a chain of suppositions supporting why and how hypotheses and system of human asset the executives and hierarchical conduct all happened. Rank (2011) characteristics the origination of the two hypotheses and structure to the liberation of human rights with the end goal that the need to advance the prosperity and government assistance surprisingly - whether or not they are representatives or managers was esteemed necessary.â

Proposal #1 Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

#1 - Research Proposal Example Characteristic oils-linseed, tung, and fish were utilized as covers until the 1960’s (Schuerman George and Bruzan Raymond 327). Presently, alkyd pitches, vinyl and acrylic emulsions, epoxy tars and polyurethanes are the essential folios utilized in paints. Dissolvable picked must be one in which the cover is solvent in and dries equally. Most emulsion paints use water as the dissolvable while pitch based paints utilize the utilization of mineral turpentine as the dissolvable. Shades are finely isolated, and insoluble powders scattered in the paint that give paint its obscurity and shading, yet in addition help to hold the paint together just as shield the surface underneath from erosion and enduring. Inorganic and natural substances are utilized as shades with the inorganic ones being less expensive yet with less clear hues. The modest strong particles of colors (≠¤ 1â µm in measurement) empowers them to refract (light has frequencies among 0.4â µm and

Defining a Random Sample in Research

Defining a Random Sample in Research Student Resources Study Guides and Tips Print Random Samples in Research Studies How Subsets of Subjects Are Used for Research By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on January 09, 2020 Matt Lincoln / Cultura / Getty Images More in Student Resources Study Guides and Tips APA Style and Writing Careers The term random sample comes up a lot when youre reading about medical research. Understanding this term can help you interpret those health studies you come across in the news and get a better grasp of how they may, or may not, apply to you. Simply put, a random sample is a subset of individuals randomly selected by researchers to represent an entire group as a whole. The goal is to get a sample of people that is representative of the larger population. For example, if researchers were interested in learning about  alcoholic use  among college students in the United States, the larger population (in other words, the group of interest), would be made up of every kid in every college and university in the country. It would be virtually impossible to interview each and every one of these people to find out if they drink, what types of alcohol they drink, how often, under what circumstances, how much (a beer or two per week versus enough to get intoxicated every weekend), and so forth. Instead of undertaking such a gargantuan task, scientists will pull together a random sample of college students to represent the total population of college students. How Researchers Create Random Samples Random sampling can be costly and time-consuming. However, this approach to gathering data for research does provide the best chance of putting together an unbiased sample that is truly representative of an entire group as a whole. Going back to the imaginary study of alcohol use among college students, heres how random sampling might work. According to the National Center for Education Statistics ( NCES), approximately 20.2 million students were enrolled in U.S. colleges and universities in 2015, the most recent statistics available. These 20 million-plus individuals represent the total population to be studied. For the purpose of drawing a random sample of this group, all students must have an equal chance of being selected. For example, scientists conducting the study would need to make sure that the sample included the same percentage of men and women as the larger population. According to the NCES  statistics, 11.5 million of the total population of college students are female and 8.7 million are male. The sample group would need to reflect this same ratio of women to men. Besides gender, researchers would also want to go through the same process for other characteristicsâ€"for example, race, cultural background, year in school, socio-economic status, and so forth, depending on the specific purpose of the study. For instance, if they wanted to home in on alcohol use among Asian students, they would create a random sample consisting only of Asian students. By the same token, if the study was focused on how much students drink during the week, they would create a questionnaire or other method for finding only kids who drink on weekdays for their research. When you read a health study based on a random sample, be aware that the findings are based not on every single person in the population that fit certain criteria, but on a subset of subjects chosen to represent them. This should help you put the study in perspective.

Use Of Dsm 5 And Class Material Criteria On Diagnostic...

Use of DSM-5 and Class Material Criteria on Diagnostic Categories Exhibited in the Case Study Based on both the DSM-5 and the class material criteria, Kimmy s diagnosis of Asperger syndrome meant that it involved an exact number of items that were placed under the qualitative impairment headings, specifically in a social interaction, stereotyped, restrictive, and repetitive patterns of interests, behavior, and activities. The disturbance may have been caused by clinically essential impairments in occupational or social areas of the functioning. Sperry (2001) noted that there is no significant clinical delay in social language or developmental cognition. The criteria mentioned above in the case study are based on the age-appropriate self-skilled help, adaptive behavior, apart from social interaction and childhood curiosity. The criteria used for eligibility were met for the diagnosis of Kimmy’s Asperger syndrome, the following criteria: Evidence of the following: 1. The unequal developmental profile evidenced by the inconsistencies within or across social interaction includes language domain, cognitive skills, and adaptive behavior. 2. Kimmy s impairment in either verbal or nonverbal language came as a result of social communication skills, 3. And stereotyped patterns and/or restrictive, repetitive behaviors, activities, or interests, and, 4. Kimmy s need for special education defined by Sainsbury (2000). From the above diagnostic criteria used, especially the DSM-5,Show MoreRelatedAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequently diagnosed2400 Words   |  10 Pagestherapy, while 5 out of 10 (51%) report treatment or counseling from a mental health professional 8 out of 10 children receiving either medication for ADHD or mental health treatment was 82.5% 3 Definition ADHD is characterized by a pattern of behavior that must be present in multiple settings such as work, school or home. This pattern of behaviors can negatively impact performance across multiple environments including social, education, or work Symptoms are divided into two categories 1) inattentionRead MoreCollege Student Gambling: Examining the Effects of Gaming Education Within a College Curriculum15937 Words   |  64 Pagesgambling (N=201) and whether general gaming education can influence meaningful changes in college students’ gambling attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions. A group of college students from the University of Massachusetts Amherst, Casino Management class, received general gaming education while two comparison groups, one from the same university and one from Worcester State College, Massachusetts, did not. 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Post-traumatic stress and alcohol/substance abuse addiction often find themselves closely related due to the vast amount of individuals who use alcohol or other substances to treat the symptoms of PTSD. When a patien t takes on substance abuse, they no longer have one disorder to deal with, they have two. Patients and counselors alike have many different methods for trying to help those whoRead MoreUse Of Traditional Chinese Medicine During The Treatment Of Schizophrenia Essay7976 Words   |  32 Pages The Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Schizophrenia Shoanie Young Spring 2015 â€Æ' Part I: Biomedical Perspective Introduction Schizophrenia is a complex psychotic disorder evident by impaired thinking, emotions, judgment and behaviors. The person’s grasp of reality may be so disordered that they are unable to filter sensory stimuli and may have intense perceptions of sounds, colors, and other features of their environment. Although there are different levelsRead MoreChild Study - Educational Observation of Development of a 5th Grader6837 Words   |  28 PagesIntroduction Archie is a 10 year old in the fifth grade class here at Friends School. He’s attended this school from preschool until now, a total of seven years. He lives in the neighborhood and tends to be one of the first kids in the classroom every morning. In general he seems to be a happy child, smiling often. He has a tendency to be quite goofy at times and struggles with impulse control, often speaking out in class or being disruptive by talking or making jokes. This seems to stem fromRead More2301 Final Exam Workbook Essay6573 Words   |  27 Pagesresearch question, (2) design a study, (3) collect data, (4) analyze data, (5) draw conclusions, and (6) communicate findings. Identify the step associated with each of the following activities: _____ Dr. Lopez noted absent or present by each students name on his class roll at each class meeting. He recorded students exam scores on his roll sheet as well. _____ Dr. Lopez hypothesized that students who consistently attend class get higher grades than those who are absent more often. _____ Dr. LopezRead MoreLiterature Review on Autism Spectrum Disorders3442 Words   |  11 Pagesdoctors and other health professionals are becoming more aware of the criteria for these disorders, and are beginning to have greater recognition of ASD in more able, high functioning children. In the past, there have been several cases where high functioning children were first diagnosed with ADHD, and later received an ASD diagnoses (Keen Ward, 2004). With the recent awareness of autism spectrum disorders, a more clear criteria has developed for the diagnoses of these disorders. In broad terms,Read MoreCommunication Disorders7061 Words   |  29 Pagesexchange of ideas, opinions or facts between senders and receivers. Prevalence †¢ The overall estimate for speech and language disorders is widely agreed to be 5% of school-aged children. This figure includes voice disorders (3%) and stuttering (1%). Estimates of hearing impairments vary considerably, with one widely accepted figure of 5% representing the portion of school-aged children with hearing levels outside the normal range. Of this number, 10% to 20% require some type of special educationRead MoreEssay about 2301 Final Exam Workbook 2 6510 Words   |  27 Pagesresearch question, (2) design a study, (3) collect data, (4) analyze data, (5) draw conclusions, and (6) communicate findings. Identify the step associated with each of the following activities: _____ Dr. Lopez noted absent or present by each students name on his class roll at each class meeting. He recorded students exam scores on his roll sheet as well. _____ Dr. Lopez hypothesized that students who consistently attend class get higher grades than those who are absent more often. _____ Dr. Lopez

Attachment Theory. Madeline Fuller. April 22, 2017....

Attachment Theory Madeline Fuller April 22, 2017 †¢ Introduction My initial interest in this theory stems from my meeting of a diverse group of people this last year. As my family’s business ventures into the world of construction, I have had the opportunity to meet many people who come from much different backgrounds than me. Many of these people have known criminal records and/or are registered sex offenders for one reason or another. The more I come to know them, the more I get to hear about their childhoods. As a majority, they have come from less than healthy homes, they don’t have much of an education, and they have been involved with drugs at one point in their lives. One in particular was in and out of the foster care system and a†¦show more content†¦Bowlby argues that the need for physical nurture in infancy and adolescence is a primary need, not a secondary one. We can see this played out in nature as well – even animals inherently seek out their mothers as babies. When a child’s needs for attachment are neglected, physical symptoms can be seen. For example, infants living in orphanages post WWII were provided with adequate food, water, and shelter for survival. However, due to the lack of nurture (swaddling, being held, talked to, etc.) infants became weak, prone to sickness, and some even came to the brink of death. Therefore, we can see that this physical nurturing attachment is crucial to the health and development of an infant. In slightly older children, when abandonment occurs, they protest with crying, go into a stage of mourning, and then detachment can be seen in the social setting. They are unwilling to establish relationships with others, including their own parents should they reenter the picture. Lack of attachment to a caregiver also affects cognitive development. Attachment to a caregiver is crucial in the development of problem solving skills and the development of a conscience. Without the ability to process and solve problems, and a lack of moral compass, ità ¢â‚¬â„¢s obvious that criminal behavior would start to manifest (Fitton, 2012). As these children grow into adults, a tendency towards crime can be seen. Those with the most severe detachment issues tend towards violent crime more often than

The Secret Circle The Divide Chapter 15 Free Essays

It was a good ten-minute walk to the lighthouse, plenty of time for Cassie to work up her heart rate and fill her lungs with cold, fresh air. Some of the tension among the group from earlier had dissipated. Cassie thought Faye was being let off a little too easily after performing the love spell, but she was too relieved to see everyone getting along again to mention it. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 15 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Besides, Cassie had also been forgiven for hanging out with Scarlett. It was Diana who suggested the twelve of them walk to the lighthouse together in one large group, but they all wanted to do it. Driving was cool, Cassie thought, but there was nothing like sauntering up the street on a moonlit night in a huge pack of your closest friends. It made her feel invincible, and part of something so much bigger and more important than herself. It was a full moon, and Laurel brought along a bag of fresh-baked cookies. It was an old family recipe of Laurel’s that required the crushed leaves of an herb called mugwort, which had to be picked and ingested during a full moon. Laurel claimed the cookies improved divination, clairvoyance, and psychic powers, but Cassie and the others stuffed their mouths full of them as they walked because they were delicious. All those other things were just bonuses. Adam felt for Cassie’s hand, and when he found it, she Adam felt for Cassie’s hand, and when he found it, she didn’t pull away. Cassie had been on edge lately for sure, but for the moment everything felt fine and her connection to Adam was strong. His fingers wrapped around hers reassured her that in spite of all they had to fear, she wasn’t in this alone, and together they could overcome anything. The night was invigorating. The trees overhead smelled of sweet flowers, and the ground beneath Cassie’s shoes was moist with dew. A rare carelessness came over them as they walked. Not just Cassie and Adam but the whole group. They holl ered up the street, goofing on one another and banging on garbage cans. Chris challenged Doug to race him the rest of the way, and they all started running in order to judge the winner. They stopped short when they saw it and collectively gasped. It seemed impossible. The lighthouse had been burned to the ground. In its place was a pile of soot and ash. Irrationally, Cassie thought they must’ve arrived at the wrong location. How could a structure so sturdy and steadfast, so permanent in its vigilance, have melted down to this? But the anger in Adam’s eyes forced Cassie to accept the harder truth. Not only was the lighthouse gone, but someone had destroyed it on purpose. Melanie spoke first. â€Å"That was a historical landmark,† she said. â€Å"It’s been there for, like, three hundred years.† â€Å"That’s what you’re thinking about right now?† Nick said. â€Å"How about how the hunters knew exactly where to find us?† Diana placed her hand gently on Nick’s shoulder. â€Å"Hold on, we shouldn’t jump to conclusions. We don’t know for sure it was the hunters.† sure it was the hunters.† Nick shrugged off Diana’s hand. â€Å"This was a message, loud and clear. How much clearer would you like them to be?† Diana turned to Melanie and Laurel. â€Å"You two were the last ones here, weren’t you? Are you sure you didn’t accidentally leave any candles burning?† Melanie’s eyes widened. â€Å"Are you accusing us of burning down the lighthouse?† â€Å"I’m not accusing,† Diana said. â€Å"Just asking.† Cassie couldn’t stand to listen to any more arguing. She made her way over the grass, toward the edge of where the entrance to the cottage once stood. Cassie heard Adam come to Diana’s defense against Melanie and Laurel. â€Å"It would be better for all of us if you had been the ones to burn it down,† he said. â€Å"Then at least we’d know for sure it was an accident and not an act of – â€Å" â€Å"It wasn’t an accident,† Cassie called out to them. Her voice echoed over the space between them like an ocean wave. Right where the entrance to the light keeper’s cottage once stood was a symbol burnt in ash on the ground. It was the same symbol that appeared on Constance’s forehead. Adam was the first to reach her. â€Å"The hunter symbol,† he said, just in time for the others to fall in line behind him. They saw it now, too. They couldn’t not see it. â€Å"The coven has been marked,† Cassie said. â€Å"Faye, this is all your fault,† Nick shouted out. â€Å"Because you had to do magic.† For once Adam agreed with Nick. â€Å"They tracked your love spell.† â€Å"I told you,† Melanie said. â€Å"I told you this would happen.† â€Å"That’s enough!† Faye’s eyes flamed with rage. â€Å"What makes you all so sure it was my fault?† She pointed her longest red fingernail at Diana. â€Å"You’re always so careful not to jump to conclusions. Stop for a moment, call off the dogs, and think of who could have actually done this.† Then Faye twisted her neck around to glare at Cassie while keeping her shoulders squared to Diana. â€Å"I think Scarlett would be a reasonable suspect,† she said. â€Å"Especially since Cassie brought her here just the other day.† Cassie remained silent. â€Å"I saw you,† Faye said. â€Å"Don’t try to turn this on me,† Cassie said, but that was all she could say. She couldn’t deny it. Adam and Diana stared at Cassie with identical expressions of disbelief. â€Å"Is that true?† Adam asked. â€Å"You brought Scarlett to the lighthouse? Cassie looked down at the horrible symbol burned into the ground, with its serpentine W and satanic-looking hexagon. This wasn’t the work of Scarlett. She was sure of that. â€Å"Cassie, how could you?† Diana couldn’t contain her exasperation. Cassie looked pleadingly into Diana’s infuriated eyes. â€Å"She was with me when I dropped off some herbs for Melanie and Laurel,† Cassie said. â€Å"But I didn’t let her inside and I didn’t tell her anything. I swear to you, she had nothing to do with this.† â€Å"You weren’t supposed to be seeing Scarlett at all,† Melanie said. â€Å"And you brought her to our sacred space.† Faye was thoroughly enjoying the bloodbath she started. How easy it had been to divert the attention away from her forbidden love spell. Faye addressed the group. â€Å"What Cassie has done is unforgivable,† she said malevolently. â€Å"She betrayed us.† â€Å"You betrayed us, too, Faye,† Cassie said. â€Å"And how would you even know I brought Scarlett to the lighthouse unless you were spying on me?† â€Å"That’s not really the point,† Diana interjected. â€Å"I agree with Faye on this. Bringing Scarlett to the lighthouse was a betrayal. And we need to unify now more than ever. No Outsiders can be trusted, no matter what.† Cassie lost the little bit of control she’d had left. â€Å"So let me get this straight,† she said. â€Å"Your idea of unification is siding with Faye?† Adam replied on Diana’s behalf. â€Å"It’s for your own safety, Cassie. Scarlett isn’t one of us. And under no circumstances did she belong anywhere near our meeting place.† â€Å"Maybe it’s me who isn’t one of you,† Cassie blurted out before she could stop herself. That was the last straw for Diana. She screamed then like Cassie had never imagined she could. â€Å"Of course you’re one of us, Cassie. You’re more crucial to this Circle than any of us. Don’t you think we all realize that?† Then Diana turned to Faye. â€Å"And you’re not off the hook either. Cassie’s right that you also betrayed the group. Max is off limits, and so is your magic.† â€Å"Or else what?† Faye said. Diana didn’t even blink. â€Å"Or else you forfeit your privileges as a leader of this Circle.† A few seconds passed before Adam broke the deathly silence. â€Å"The coven has been marked,† he said. â€Å"But do the hunters know who we are, individually?† â€Å"Good question,† Melanie said. â€Å"But either way, we have to figure out a way to fight them.† â€Å"That’s right,† Diana said. Her voice regained its angelic timbre. â€Å"And I wanted to share something very important with you all tonight. Before all these surprises.† She looked at Cassie and then at Faye, scolding them each individually with her eyes. Then she dug through her bag and pulled out her Book of Shadows. â€Å"I found a spell,† she said. â€Å"A spell to destroy witch hunters.† â€Å"What?† Adam asked, sounding outraged Diana had kept this discovery from him. â€Å"Why didn’t you say anything sooner?† â€Å"I wasn’t sure if it was what I thought it was,† Diana said in her defense. â€Å"The text was mostly in Latin and needed to be translated. But now I’m sure. That’s why I wanted to meet tonight, to tell you all at once.† â€Å"Let’s perform the spell right now,† Melanie said, sounding hopeful for the first time in days. Diana shook her head. â€Å"First we have to know for sure who the hunters are.† Nick shot a look to Chris and Doug. â€Å"Let’s do it on the principal. We’re sure enough.† â€Å"No.† Diana’s green eyes flared. â€Å"The spell will only work on a real hunter. If we try it on someone who isn’t one of them, we’ll only be exposing ourselves as witches. Not to mention hurting someone innocent.† â€Å"Wow, that’s big news,† Faye said. â€Å"We have a spell we can’t use.† â€Å"We will use it.† Adam gave one last look at the symbol burnt on the ground. â€Å"When they strike again. At this point, I think we can count on that happening.† â€Å"But what happens then?† Melanie asked. â€Å"If we do this spell. Will the hunters die?† Diana hesitated. â€Å"It’s a little unclear. The translation left a lot to interpretation, but it seems like the effect of the spell depends on the hunter.† â€Å"So they might die,† Melanie said. â€Å"Let me have a look at this.† Faye grabbed Diana’s Book of Shadows from her hands and scanned the page. As her eyes moved back and forth across the ancient script, she appeared to be drawing in her breath and backing away from the words in disbelief. â€Å"This isn’t a spell,† Faye said. â€Å"It’s a curse.† Diana stared at the ground. â€Å"Yes,† she said. â€Å"Technically it is a curse.† Faye was suddenly roiling with excitement. â€Å"It’s similar to a deflection spell by turning the hunter’s power back on them, but it calls on Hecate. This could be . . .† She couldn’t find the right word. â€Å"Dangerous,† Diana said. â€Å"We’ll only use it as a last resort.† How to cite The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 15, Essay examples

Lajja- a Cultural Analysis Essay Example

Lajja- a Cultural Analysis Paper Title: LAJJA- A CULTURAL ANALYSIS â€Å"Galti uski hi hogi†¦who ladki jo hai† . How many of us are familiar with this statement? How many of us have experienced something like this? The answer is a lot, a lot which cannot be counted. If its rape, it is the girl’s fault as she must have allowed it; if its eve-teasing, it’s again the girl’s fault as she must have been provocative. Every time a girl is victimised, people go against her and instead of punishing the criminal, the girl is accused. In this project, the movie ‘LAJJA’ has been taken up as an example of the oppressions done on women across the country. In historical terms, oppression of women is a relatively new phenomenon. Six thousand years ago, the oppression of women arose after the division of society into classes and the emergence of class society. Prior to this there was no domination of a man over woman, or a man over man. Only with the development of the slave empires of Mesopotania, Egypt, Greece and Rome did the exploitation came into action as before that there was no surplus created, only enough to survive. This movie highlights many social issues pertaining to the women. The movie revolves around four women who in one form or the other are oppressed by the society. Vaideihi (Manisha Koirala) is a married woman who has no other choice but accept her husband’s extra marital affairs. The day she decides to take a stand for herself, she is banished from her husband’s household. Meanwhile she finds out she’s pregnant and goes back to her parent’s house. There she is rejected too, saying that this will bring shame to the family. So, we see how deep the social culture has influenced us that it forced a mother to abandon her own daughter at the time she needed her the most. We will write a custom essay sample on Lajja- a Cultural Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lajja- a Cultural Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lajja- a Cultural Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Maithilli (Mahima Choudhary) is troubled by the unreasonable demand of excessive dowry by the groom’s father which her father is unable to meet. Maithilli seeing this, calls off the marriage as she couldn’t see her father being humiliated any more. Every day there are so many such brides who, due to their inability of giving dowry, lose their marriage. These oppressions do not stop even after marriage. Once the bride is married she is insulted and asked for more dowries by her in-laws. After which she is tortured if she is unable to fulfil the demands. Even though taking or giving dowry is against the law, it is still practiced in many parts of the country. Not only in the rural areas, but dowry is encouraged in the educated class of society as well. Another victim in the movie is Janki(Madhuri Dixit) who is a theatre actress and is in love with her colleague. She is pregnant and doesn’t care about the norms of society. Janki is lusted after by the owner of the theatre who exploits her. The owner misleads Janki’s boyfriend and makes him doubt her integrity. In a Raamleela performance, she being the Sita, has to take the agneepariksha after she comes back from lanka. Janki refuses to walk through it saying that why should women always prove themselves to gain trust and respect. If a man performs adultery, he would not be even questioned. But a woman, just because she is a woman, has to be pure and safeguard her family’s name in the society. Janki says, â€Å"If Sita would not have taken the agni pariksha, the women of today would not have suffered the tantrums thrown at them. Janki is assaulted by the audience and is beaten up which leads her to miscarry her baby. The fourth woman, Raamdulari is a midwife in a village. She is more literate as compared to the other women of the village and in turn educates these women. Raamdulari strongly opposes the leaders of village. Later in the movie, she is gang raped and burnt alive by a group of henchmen sent by the village leaders. There are many such ‘Raamdularis’ in India whose voices go unheard, who are oppressed in this ruthless society of mail dominance. It doesn’t matter if a woman is raped, abused or killed as it would be said that she deserved it. The film clearly points a finger at how a male dominated society treats women. Women never feel the same freedom which men have. Where a girl is expected to be home by seven in the evening , the boy has no such restrictions. Women are never asked about their feelings, their desires, their emotions. A woman is just expected to cook, clean and produce children. But the situation is improving gradually as the literacy rates in the urban and rural areas are increasing. The woman no longer is just a homemaker. She has started contributing to the family income too. But many a times these women are exploited by their husbands and forced to give their earned salaries to them. Though being independent, they cannot enjoy the true meaning of independence. Whether rural or urban the plight of women is the same. In the urban areas, women have started taking a stand for themselves as they are getting more and more aware. Women in India are either killed at birth, face difficulties in getting married unless the dowry is paid, accused of being unfaithful, raped or killed. Such instances are never-ending. Interestingly, not only in India but other parts of the globe too, the women are exploited and oppressed. What we as a part of the society can do is spread awareness, encourage more and more women to get educated. Otherwise, if we don’t decide to take a stand now, then it will become so grave that how much ever we’ll want to eradicate the matter it will only get worse. After all, the greatness of a civilization can only be measured by the status of its women. Well ye know What woman is, for none of woman born Can choose but drain the bitter dregs of woe Which ever to the oppressed from the oppressors flow. -SHELLEY Bibliography 1. Lajja. Dir. Rajkumar santoshi. perf. Madhuri Dixit, Rekha, Manisha Koirala, Mahima Choudhary. Prod. Rajkumar Santoshi. writ. Ranjit Kapoor, Rajkumar Santoshi. Santoshi productions, 2001 2. Rob Sewell. The origins of womens oppression.. 05 september 2001. http://www. marxist. com/origins-womens-oppression. htm 3. Lajja Poster. http://www. google. co. in/imgres? q=lajjahl=ensa=Xgbv=2tbm=isch prmd=ivnsbtbnid=kdAZHYUtaw5n7M: imgrefurl= 4. http://www. chakpak. com /movie/lajja/11902docid=W16XdwZh GJbT3Mw=190h=215ei=Do4sTq6GJYX prQfc- eCxDQzoom=1iact=hcvpx= 431vpy= 306dur=4735hovh=172hovw=152tx =84ty=130page=1tbnh=145tbnw=1 45start=0ndsp=18ved=1t:429,r:7,s:0biw=1366bih=643